Pygmy Goats

Other name(s): African Pygmy Goat; Cameroon Dwarf

Scientific name: Capra aegagrus hircus

Country / Place of origin: Africa

History: While most domesticated goats trace their roots to Asia, the African pygmy goats originated in Africa as their name suggests. These hardy goats produce a good amount of milk for their size, and were originally kept as dairy goats in the Cameroon Valley of West Africa. Pygmy goats were first brought out of Africa as additions to European zoos, and from Europe, pygmy goats made their way into the United States in the 1950s. While they were only found in zoos and research facilities in the United States at first, they quickly became popular pets because of their unique, friendly personalities, low costs to keep, and hardy construction. Today, the American Livestock Breeds Conservancy lists African pygmy goats as a rare breed.

Current Uses: In addition to being shown in exhibitions, pygmy goats are often kept quite successfully as pets. At times, they are also kept for their meat and milk production. Pygmy goats are increasing in popularity as pets because of their friendly temperament and the ease of keeping them; however, it is important to purchase from a reputable breeder that will sell you healthy goats and answer all of your questions. Amber Waves has been in the business of breeding African pygmy goats for over 26 years, and whether you choose to purchase goats from them, Amber Waves is always available to help pygmy goat owners.

Appearance: A miniature in the truest sense of the word, the body conformation of the pygmy goat is very similar to that of larger breeds. Pygmy goats are nearly as wide as they are tall, and they are typically less than two feet tall with males usually being taller than females. Pygmy goats come in a variety of colors and patterns; however, there are only three basic colors (black, medium brown, and dark brown) that form the color base for the breed. The nine color patterns that cover the vast majority of pygmy goats are: black, black/grey agouti, black trim caramel, medium brown, medium brown agouti, medium brown trim caramel, dark brown, dark brown agouti, and dark brown trim caramel. White spotting may or may not be present on any of these color patterns. The hair of pygmy goats is straight, short, and smooth. Both sexes are naturally horned, but many choose to have their pets dehorned before bringing them home.

Average weight: 35 pounds

Lifespan: 10 – 15 years

Grooming: Not much is required in the way of grooming to keep pygmy goats happy, healthy, and looking good. They should receive the occasional bath and hoof trimming, and they should also be looked over regularly to ensure there is no changes in their health or appearance. Some owners also like to keep their pygmy goats’ hair trimmed and brushed, especially if the goats are entered into shows.

Diet: Perhaps the most important thing to remember about feeding pygmy goats is that they require a clean feeding and drinking area elevated off the ground for optimum health. Pygmy goats will stop feeding before they eat soiled food, so check their feeding area often to make sure it is clean and there is plenty of water available. Goats eat grains such as oats, goat ration, sweet feed, and corn. Each goat should be fed ¼ cup of grains twice daily. A mineral/salt block should also be available to pygmy goats to ensure they are getting the necessary vitamins and minerals.   

Housing: Pygmy goat housing ranges from the simple, homemade construction to the elaborate, custom-ordered creation. The important thing is that housing provides a safe place from predators and the elements. Allow for approximately 15 to 20 square feet per goat, and create a place for pygmies to sleep off the ground. The roofing should be leak proof, and the proper insulation should be used with consideration to the climate. The housing should also contain bedding consisting of fresh grass, straw, or hay. Putting fencing around the housing should be considered so that the pygmies can have access to an area to graze and play. Fences need not be high – about four feet – however they must be secure to keep the goats in and the predators out.

Health issues: In general, pygmy goats are healthy, hardy animals. The healthiest of goats will appear bright and alert with no discharge coming from their eyes or nose. Some major health problems that can affect pygmy goats include Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE), Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL), and Johne's Disease; however, purchasing from a reputable breeder who regularly tests its herd for these diseases will greatly reduce the chances of receiving goats with health problems.

Behavior / Temperament / Activity level: Pygmy goats are generally active, friendly animals that are happiest in a herd. However, they will also bond with other animals should they not have at least one other goat companion. These affectionate creatures are quite smart, and can easily learn tricks and be house trained. Ultimately, African pygmy  goats provide their owners with years of companionship and entertainment.